What does anticipation mean to the actor

From Greek Cyclos circle and Horama view or vision. The German equivalent term is operafolie. Dance floor should be left to adjust to room temperature before being taped otherwise it will not lay flat.

Many different types of floor are available, including different colours and degrees of cushioning, and the product may be known by it's manufacturer's name e. Marley Floor, Harlequin Floor. German: Tanzteppich. It covers similar ground to the Americans with Disabilities Act, which became law in DEAD 1 A pre-plotted height for a piece of scenery or lighting bar - 'that bar's on its dead'.

Sometimes flying pieces are given a number of extra deads, that may be colour coded, in addition to the 'in dead' lower and 'out dead' higher - out of view.

Fluorescent ribbon is often used, through the fibres of the rope. The fluorescent colour shows very clearly under UV light, which is often used to light fly floors. This is a handle that has to be squeezed by a technician in order for a pre-programmed automation sequence to take place. If for any reason the relevant technician is not in position, the system does not allow the sequence to run. It's the job of the lighting or sound designers to ensure the show can be run reliably every night, in discussion with stage management.

If there are lots of cues running in a short period of time, it may be better to simplify them, or make them timed auto-follows, or run them from timecode, to avoid 'death by cues'. The DSM is often also in rehearsal working with the director to prepare the prompt book. Known in some places as a Stage Director.

German: Inspizient. A mechanical device used in Greek classical and medieval drama to lower an actor playing God from the flies above the stage to resolve the conflict in a play. The term sometimes refers to a character which has a similar function in a more modern drama. DIGS Colloquial term for short-term accommodation for actors during the run of a show. Originally short for diggings, the term appeared in the UK publication The Stage in A shot filmed in such a way is known as a Dolly Shot.

For example, 'Pass me the doofer so I can sort this thingy'. DOUBLE A member of the cast or crew who appears on stage in place of the leading actor for a particular moment or sequence, either because the lead actor is doing a costume-change, or is in a different part of the venue at the time. A double is also used for some illusion sequences where the lead actor 'magically' appears to have moved an impossible distance in a short space of time.

See also Stunt Performer. It's called Downstage because it's the lowest part of a raked stage. This brings them closer to the audience and directs the audience to pay more attention to them. It's important that the DSM does not shout out the next line, while the lead actor is pausing dramatically. A 2 to 3 hour timeslot can cover the same amount of dramatic time when the action of the play occurs in 2 to 3 hours or it can cover a hundred years or anywhere in between.

See also TABS. The water prevents it buckling as it descends. Any defects, misfits etc. Also known as a Costume Parade. The performance as it will be 'on the night'. German: hauptprobe final rehearsal. DRIFT 1 The effective travelling distance of a suspension barrel between the lowest it can reach with the scenic piece attached and the underside of the grid. The drift will be variable depending on the depth of a scenic piece suspended beneath the barrel.

Petal Drop, Leaf Drop etc. The lid usually opens downwards, and can be secured by a hinge pin. The pin can be pulled out with a piece of string through a small loop or eye, which stops the pin being lost. An electric release can also be used, involving an electromagnetic device called a solenoid to either pull out the pin. Drop Bag: A cloth bag made from an open-ended flap of cloth, with one side held by a pin hinge or solenoid, which can contain lightweight scraps of cloth, petals, leaves etc.

Also known as a Cane Bolt. DRY 1 An actor forgetting the words of his script. Recording with an effect is recording 'wet'. Also known as a Dry Tech. Refers to the area nearest the audience on stage right. Prompt side or PS is stage left. Masking tape works well. See PLAN. In the US, the term "elevation" refers to a Front elevation. A Rear elevation shows backs of scenic elements. A side view of a set is known as a "section".

Emergency Lighting systems should be checked regularly as required by local licencing authorities. It's especially important to consider power cuts when using non-theatre spaces especially outdoor spaces for performances. This usually applies to music concerts or stand-up comedy shows, where the performer will have an extra song or routine ready if there is a lot of applause.

From the French which means "again" or "more". END ON Traditional audience seating layout where the audience is looking at the stage from the same direction. This seating layout is that of a Proscenium Arch theatre. Also known as Proscenium Staging. The end-on stage can be split into 9 areas: upstage right, upstage centre, upstage left, centre stage right, centre stage, centre stage left, downstage right, downstage centre, downstage left.

As the definition of 'live events or experiences' includes music concerts, theatre, theme parks, visitor attractions, museums and sports events, the skills needed are very broad. It's not necessary for anyone to be highly skilled in all of the crafts, but an understanding of the whole picture is very helpful, and knowing when to call in a specialist and where to find them is vital. The crafts involved in entertainment technology include, but are not limited to: Lighting stage lighting and architectural lighting Sound live and recorded Video and Media projection or display Scenic Construction and Automation Show Control Animatronics Costume Props and Masks Make-Up and Prosthetics.

Often used now to describe any interval music. The entrance of the ghost is upstage left, The bishop enters downstage right. The trade union of actors, directors, designers and stage managers. More on Ghost Light. The Equity Showcase status requires that the production is a limited run and has a small production budget.

Actors should be, at the minimum, reimbursed expenses, and any volunteering should have benefits free workshops and producers should make every effort to get publicity and agents to see the show.

Casting an Equity Showcase. Used to indicate that more than one person leaves the stage. The direction for a single person is simply Exit. EXIT 1 A part of the set through which actors can leave the stage. The fireman exits downstage right. The character being pursued is Antigonus, a lord of Sicilia, who has been ordered to abandon the baby Princess Perdita.

Exit signs must remain visible to the audience at all times, and local venue licencing laws will cover whether it must be illuminated at all times, and the size of the sign etc. New legislation in Europe means that the word 'EXIT' has been removed from these signs to be replaced by 'Running Man', known more politically correctly as 'Person moving purposefully'.

Term originally derived from the film industry. Used to reduce the size of the opening when putting a small set onto a large stage. For example to allow trucks guided by tracks cut into this false floor, to be moved by steel wires running in the shallow 2 or 3 inch void between the false floor and the original stage floor. A false stage is also required for putting a revolve onto a stage.

Available in multi-circuit form so that the lamps can be 'chased'. Works intensively with actors training them how to avoid hitting and hurting each other, how to use weapons safely etc. Fight directors are highly skilled and trained and should not be substituted for someone 'who once saw Gladiator' and thinks they can repeat it!! Society of American Fight Directors Fightdirector. FIRE EXIT Particular exit s from a building designated by local authority fire officer to be the correct means of escape from a part of the building in case of fire.

It is the responsibility of all staff and performers to ensure that all fire exits are kept clear, unlocked and accessible at all times. Another great leap forward!. You may also need to consult them about changing seating layouts in a flexible venue, and any unusual use of your venue s. Many scenic materials require regular re-application of fire proofing treatment.

FIT-UP Initial assembly on stage of a production's hardware, including hanging scenery, building trucks etc. An item treated with a flame retardant will limit or inhibit the spread of fire by not supporting combustion. FLAT A lightweight timber frame covered with scenic canvas, or plywood. Flats are used to provide a lightweight and easy to move and re-configure backdrop to a stage set.

Flats sometimes have windows or doors built into them to provide extra flexibility, for use in realistic settings. Masking flats are used to hide areas the designer does not want the audience to see, or to provide actors with an exit, or somewhere to store props.

UK A flat is supported by a stage brace and brace weight, connected to the flat using a screw eye. Hardboard is sometimes used, but is unnecessarily heavy and will lose it's shape in time. Most theatres have a range of stock flattage made to a standard size, and re-used many times. A Rail is a horizontal batten within a flat.

A Stile is a side or vertical piece within a flat. A Sill is the bottom rail of a flat. A soft flat is covered with canvas, and a hard flat is covered with plywood. FLOAT FLATS A technique to get a set of flats to a horizontal position on the stage floor by removing weights and braces, ensuring the area is clear and that people are wearing safety goggles if there's danger of flying dust, then footing the flats, and pushing them over so they are cushioned by air pressure and land safely on the deck.

Flats - Types and Methods. FLY Verb - the action of lifting an item up out or down in when attached to the Flying system. A flying piece of scenery can be flown in down or out up on a particular cue given by the DSM to the fly operator on the fly floor above the stage.

With the advent of counterweighted systems, this refers to the area where the flying system is operated. The follow-on can be taken by the operator once a previous cue is complete, or a lighting or sound cue can be programmed to happen a specific time after a previous cue.

Fly follow-on cues are often taken as soon as the operator has completed a previous cue. FOOT 1 The action of bracing the bottom of a ladder while a colleague climbs it e. I'll only be a couple of minutes'. Happens frequently in tightly-packed flying systems. Sometimes lighting designers need to remove additional equipment e. Performances that take place outside the theatre e. The fourth wall convention is an established convention of modern realistic theatre, where the actors carry out their actions unaware of the audience.

Where the cast addresses the audience directly, this is said to be 'Breaking the Fourth Wall'. These divisions can be useful in splitting up rehearsal schedules, and for marking lighting changes etc.

Calls are normally made at the Half 35 mins. There will be one interval of 15 minutes, and drinks can be ordered at the bar prior to the performance. The opposite of Full Front. Also used by the printing industry, and for theatre, flim and TV to age and dust-down sets and costumes. As with any dust, avoid breathing it directly or getting it in eyes. Creating Mess On Stage.

Most common widths are. Used for temporarily securing almost anything. Should not be used on coiled cables or equipment. Also known as Duct Tape. See also PVC Tape. Theatre continuously evolves and reinvents itself, including finding new ways to look at old work. In Marianne Elliot's production 'Company' in London in and later on Broadway, the role of Bobby was gender-swapped to be female.

Genie Industries website Access Equipment. A means for an actor to get off a rostrum, high level etc. Usually treads. Usually preceded by the strike where the set is disassembled back into component parts. Also believed to keep the theatrical muse in a 'dark' theatre, and to stop people tripping over bits of scenery when they come into the theatre in the morning.

The ghost light consists of a vertical pole with a bare light bulb on it, and is placed on stage. Care should be taken that the cable doesn't create a trip hazard, and that the light bulb is protected with a metal cage. Where possible an energy-saving lamp should be used. Also known as the 'Equity Light'. See link below for more information.

Could also refers to the light emitted by a lantern when a dimmer has not been 'trimmed' correctly, and is leaking. French: La servante More information about Ghost Light. A staple is often used to secure the tape to a floor where it might move. GO The action word used by stage managers to cue other technical departments. The button is usually labelled GO. GO UP 1 The time the show starts e.

GOD MIC A PA system setup for a director to use in a large venue to talk to everyone on stage without shouting, during rehearsals and technical periods.

Also used in some small or experimental spaces for tech crew to talk to actors or other crew, if no headset comms system or radios are available. Normally said during lighting plotting sessions or technical rehearsals. GOTE An acronym devised by Robert Cohen, an American university professor, to remind actors of four basic elements on consider when preparing a character. O: Obstacle - what is stopping the character for achieving the goal? T: Tactics - the methods used to achieve goals E: Expectation - the characters' expection of achieving the goal Wikipedia entry.

Refers to a particular type of toggle switch used for manual telephone exchanges which is reliable, silent and heavy duty, and is perfect for Stage Management Desks. But is no longer manufactured. Normally a variation of blue or red in colour, although a more neutral grey is often better for scenes played in front of it, or for taking colours and gobos as tab warmers.

It is also very important to make a good impression on everyone you meet in the business, as bad impressions will be spread around the grapevine very quickly. Modern tools such as Twitter have made the grapevine even more widely spread, and great care must be taken to not publish anything on Twitter that you wouldn't say to someones face.

Needs special removing cream. This enables vending machines and bar scenes to take place with multple products, which have labels which have been amended slightly.

GRID 1 The support structure close to the top of the fly tower on which the pulleys of the flying system are supported. Constructed from metal or wooden beams. Usually wears black. The groundplan shows all items standing on the stage floor and any permanent items which will affect the production, and the position of any flown pieces.

The set design groundplan enables the lighting designer to be clear about exact location of all items, and will have the walls of the stage drawn on it so that the stage management team and production manager can plan furniture and set moves offstage. Typical scales are Venues have a base plan showing proscenium, walls, seating etc on which individual set and lighting plans can be drawn.

HALF 1 The Half is a call given to the actors half an hour before they will be called to the stage for the beginning of a performance.

It is given 35 minutes before the advertised time of commencement in the UK. On Broadway, the Half is given 30 minutes before the start time. Subsequent calls given are the 'quarter' at 20 minutes UK , 'the five' at 10 minutes UK and 'beginners to the stage' at 5 minutes before curtain up UK. Also known as Final Call.

This dates from a time when lighting was manually controlled, and accurate percentage-point levels were not achievable or at least, not repeatable accurately. Harnesses can be obtained which are designed for this effect, and standard safety harnesses are not suitable.

The rope must have a safety-rated rope built into it, which is suitable for suspending the shock load of the actors' weight, which must be attached to the harness in such a way that it's not possible for the fake noose to ever tighten around the actors' neck. The hanging must take place with other members of the company present, who have been trained in how the system works under professional supervision. Simply using a rope with a weak point e.

A far safer way to hang an actor is to do it offstage - use a blackout or blinding light along with a sound effect to misdirect the audience into thinking they've just seen a hanging, use a shadown projection using small scale dummies or even just use a rope in the shape of a noose with the actor approaching it at floor level followed by a fade to blackout. Never attempt an effect of this kind involving any suspension or dropping of an actor without a professional rigger experienced and trained in these effects.

The phrase comes from the s Roy Rogers television show, where it was the title of the closing theme song: "Happy Trails to you! Roy Rogers TV show closing credits Youtube. HEAD SOUND The head of the sound department, which deals with any recorded music, sound effects, vocal reinforcement and music amplification required in the production.

See also NO. A shouted warning often just 'Heads! Also used when an object is being dropped from above. The legal component is the Health and Safety at Work Act , but there are a number of regulations which relate to safe working. Safety in Live Entertainment on Theatrecrafts. The hero will look best on camera, and will be able to carry out most of the specific mechanical functions required of it. There may be other versions of the prop, which could be designed to be thrown around safely, or used to hit an actor a stunt prop or may be destroyed as part of the action.

There will be multiple versions of the alternate props, but possibly only one hero prop. However, if the audience fails to laugh, the pause will slow the pace of the performance.

The actors must learn to react to the audience as they react. An even more dangerous practice is to assume that the audience of the show tonight will laugh at the same points as the audience of the previous show. HOUSE IS OPEN Announcement made over backstage communication system to let cast and crew know that the auditorium is open to the audience and that if there is no curtain, they should stay off the stage.

It is good practice for no-one crew, cast or management to walk onto or off the stage while the house is open unless it's part of the show of course! The House Lights need to be bright enough for the audience to find their seat, to read their programme, and find their ice-cream spoon, but should still set an atmosphere.

As well as the functional house lights, if there's no house curtain, there may be a preset on stage, which helps to set the tone of the show, and to reveal part of the set that looks interesting. If there is a curtain, it will usually be cross-lit in a colour to make it look interesting. IATSE website. If the improvisation helps the performance move forward, appropriately, due to a technical or other issue, then improvisation can be helpful.

If, however, it's put in to raise a laugh or breaks character or the mood of the scene, it is frowned on. Theatrical Logic. Refers to a roll of film being taken out of a movie camera and put into a metal film can to be taken for processing. There are often a number of entrances through the seating. Special consideration needs to be given to onstage furniture and scenery as audience sightlines can easily be blocked.

Stage managers and directors often use the idea of a clock face to describe actor positions on stage e. An event or performance staged by a manufacturer or company in order to launch a product or celebrate a milestone of some kind. Such events are often spectacular. INVENTORY A numbered packing list which itemises all single pieces travelling on a tour; all cartons, flightcases, crates, baskets together with quantities and descriptions of contents.

Extremely important if touring abroad to satisfy customs. Also known as a 'Russian Run'. It was manufactured by a retired British pharmacist, John Tynegate, during the s and s, in the village of Abbotsbury, Dorset. Many varieties of blood, having various degrees of viscosity, shades and textures were available.

Since Tynegate's death, the name "Kensington Gore" has become a generic term for stage blood. Kensington Gore was used in the film The Shining. Director Stanley Kubrick had several thousand gallons of it gushing out of an opening elevator during the elevator door scene. The same concept is used in animation where a series of key frames is designed by the lead animators, and then the gaps between are filled in by less-skilled animators known as In-Betweeners.

Kill channel 6 please. LEAD 1 The leading actor regardless of gender plays the main character in a play or musical. The term is sometimes genderised the 'leading man' is the male actor and the 'leading lady' is the female actor.

LEGS Vertical drape set as masking piece at the side of an end-on acting area. Usually set up in pairs across the stage and used in conjunction with borders to frame the audiences view. Legs are hung from flying bars, and are usually fairly narrow in width 1. One of many possible origins of the phrase 'Break a Leg', meaning to take an extra encore from the legs after a successful performance.

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Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:. Email required Address never made public. Name required. Create your website with WordPress. An example of didactism in music is the chant Ut queant laxis, which was used by Guido of Arezzo to teach solfege syllables. This brings them closer to the audience and directs the audience to pay more attention to them.

Dramatic Irony is often used to underline plot points for the audience. Submitted by Gregg Shanks. It's important that the DSM does not shout out the next line, while the lead actor is pausing dramatically. This may involve organising activities and workshops, meeting with school teachers about organising trips and workshops, managing staff, preparing and delivering an Education Plan, conceiving and directing youth performances as the outcome of workshops etc.

They may also develop resources on current productions. Normally used to describe a group of actors who work well together, with no-one outshining the others. A performance where the emphasis is on group work, and there are no star performers, is an ensemble performance. The trade union of actors, directors, designers and stage managers.

Used to indicate that more than one person leaves the stage. The direction for a single person is simply Exit. The trademark Expressionist effects were often achieved through distortion.

If a crew member is in the actors' eye line, and is looking at the actor, the actor can be distracted, and possibly taken out of the moment especially if the crew member is grinning or laughing. Many high profile actors have had crew members removed from the set for being in their eye line. If you are on set, do not stare at the actors while they are working, unless you're far enough away, or they're facing in a different direction. FARCE Form of comedy play originated in France, using fast-paced physical action and visual comedy more than humour based on language.

Works intensively with actors training them how to avoid hitting and hurting each other, how to use weapons safely etc. Fight directors are highly skilled and trained and should not be substituted for someone 'who once saw Gladiator' and thinks they can repeat it!!

Society of American Fight Directors Fightdirector. Wikipedia entry. Performances that take place outside the theatre e.

The fourth wall convention is an established convention of modern realistic theatre, where the actors carry out their actions unaware of the audience.

Where the cast addresses the audience directly, this is said to be 'Breaking the Fourth Wall'. The name comes from a film technique where the images is frozen in time. These divisions can be useful in splitting up rehearsal schedules, and for marking lighting changes etc. Theatre continuously evolves and reinvents itself, including finding new ways to look at old work. In Marianne Elliot's production 'Company' in London in and later on Broadway, the role of Bobby was gender-swapped to be female.

GOD MIC A PA system setup for a director to use in a large venue to talk to everyone on stage without shouting, during rehearsals and technical periods. Also used in some small or experimental spaces for tech crew to talk to actors or other crew, if no headset comms system or radios are available. Normally a variation of blue or red in colour, although a more neutral grey is often better for scenes played in front of it, or for taking colours and gobos as tab warmers.

HAM Exaggerated over-acting. Headshots are not the same as portrait photos, and are designed to show the actors' face clearly in even lighting. However, if the audience fails to laugh, the pause will slow the pace of the performance. The actors must learn to react to the audience as they react.

An even more dangerous practice is to assume that the audience of the show tonight will laugh at the same points as the audience of the previous show. If the improvisation helps the performance move forward, appropriately, due to a technical or other issue, then improvisation can be helpful. If, however, it's put in to raise a laugh or breaks character or the mood of the scene, it is frowned on. Installations often use complex audio-visual equipment and can be intensely immersive experiences.

Outcomes that are unanticipated or unforeseen are known as unintended consequences. It can be delivered as a recorded voiceover, or possibly as an aside spoken direct to the audience. During a play, the interval is normally half way through a standard length performance approx 1 hour each half and is usually 15 or 20 minutes in duration.

For a full house, a 20 minute interval may be necessary. However, if there are no refreshments available, the interval can be shorter. A performance of less than 90 minutes in length could run straight through with no interval, although this wlil affect the theatres' takings for the night.

The role of a fight director is well-documented and a vital role when any on-stage combat is involved, to choreograph the movement to ensure the actors' safety. The Intimacy Director does the same job to ensure the actors are comfortable with the scene, and that the movements are choreographed to fulfil the directors' requirements, and that the movements do not change during the run of performances.

More about the Intimacy Director. LEAD 1 The leading actor regardless of gender plays the main character in a play or musical. The term is sometimes genderised the 'leading man' is the male actor and the 'leading lady' is the female actor. This Performing Rights Licence grants the applicant permission to perform the work on specified dates, at a specified location.

The licence requires the applicant to purchase individual copies of the play text, and it does not give permission to photocopy the text. It often also stipulates that the play must be performed in full, as written, without edits.

It does not give permission to adapt, edit or rewrite any part of the work. Many other publishers exist. If in any doubt which licences you need, check with the venue or other local theatre professionals. MAGIC IF Stanislavskian technique which encourages actors to explore how they would feel and what would happen IF the situation in which the character they are portraying was to happen to them, or IF their personal circumstances were different. Colloquially known as SLAP.

Make-Up Resources at Theatrecrafts. This approach inverts the typical teacher-to-student model of teaching by allowing the students to dictate their learning and educational process through creative drama. The students, rather than the teacher, are the main communicators in this process. From Wikipedia Wikipedia entry. MASK 1 Form of theatre where actors faces are covered with masks.

It is usually based around having the same character traits, for example, a hero , who is fearless and who the audience is rooting for, the heroine , who is usually in peril of some kind, which the hero rescues her from; the villain usually likes the heroine too and villain's sidekick typically gets in the way of or annoys the villain. The term is also used in scholarly and historical musical contexts to refer to dramas of the 18th and 19th centuries in which orchestral music or song was used to accompany the action.

Though not all Method actors use the same approach, the "method" in Method acting usually refers to the practice, influenced by Constantin Stanislavski and created by Lee Strasberg, in which actors draw upon their own emotions and memories in their portrayals known as Emotional Recall , aided by a set of exercises and practices including sense memory and affective memory.

MIME Form of performance with no spoken words. Plot, character etc. From the Greek Mimos. See also Physical Theatre.